The flat white is a smooth and velvety coffee drink that highlights the perfect balance between strong espresso and creamy microfoam milk. Originating from Australia and New Zealand, the flat white has become a favorite among coffee lovers worldwide. It is often compared to a latte, but the flat white contains less milk and a higher coffee-to-milk ratio, making it bolder yet still incredibly smooth.
Unlike cappuccinos, which have a thick layer of frothy milk, the flat white uses microfoam, a finely textured steamed milk that creates a silky, velvety consistency. This allows the natural flavors of the espresso to shine while adding a creamy touch without overpowering the coffee.
In this guide, you’ll learn how to make an authentic flat white at home, including the best techniques for brewing the perfect espresso, steaming milk correctly, and achieving that signature smooth texture.
What Makes a Flat White Different?
While the flat white shares similarities with lattes and cappuccinos, several key differences make it unique:
✔ Stronger coffee flavor – Uses a double shot of espresso for a bold taste.
✔ Less milk than a latte – A latte has more milk, while a flat white maintains a more even balance between espresso and milk.
✔ Smooth, velvety microfoam – Unlike a cappuccino, which has stiff, airy foam, the flat white has a thin layer of finely textured milk.
✔ Smaller serving size – Traditionally served in a 5-6 oz (150-180ml) cup, making it more concentrated than a latte.
This balance of bold coffee and creamy microfoam creates a rich and satisfying drinking experience.
Ingredients & Equipment for a Flat White
✔ 2 oz (60ml) freshly brewed espresso (double shot)
✔ 4 oz (120ml) whole milk (or oat/almond milk for dairy-free options)
✔ Espresso machine or strong alternative (Moka pot, AeroPress)
✔ Milk frother, steam wand, or whisk for steaming milk
✔ Small ceramic cup (5-6 oz) for serving
The secret to a great flat white is high-quality espresso and perfectly steamed milk that creates a creamy, smooth texture without thick foam.
Step-by-Step Guide to Making a Flat White
Step 1: Brew a Double Shot of Espresso
A flat white requires a strong coffee base, so it’s traditionally made with a double shot of espresso.
✔ If using an espresso machine, pull a double shot (2 oz or 60ml) of espresso.
✔ If you don’t have an espresso machine, use:
- Moka Pot – Produces a rich, espresso-like coffee.
- AeroPress – Use fine grounds and short brew time for concentrated coffee.
- French Press – Brew a stronger batch by using more coffee and less water.
The goal is to create a strong, full-bodied espresso with a nice crema on top.
Step 2: Steam the Milk to Create Microfoam
✔ Use cold, fresh whole milk for the best texture. Oat milk is the best dairy-free alternative.
✔ Pour 4 oz (120ml) of milk into a steaming pitcher.
✔ Position the steam wand just below the surface of the milk and start steaming.
✔ Create a whirlpool effect by slightly tilting the pitcher.
✔ Steam until the milk reaches 140-150°F (60-65°C)—hot but not scalding.
✔ Tip: The microfoam should have tiny bubbles and a smooth, glossy texture. It should be pourable, not stiff.
Step 3: Pour the Milk Over the Espresso
✔ Start pouring slowly and steadily in the center of the espresso.
✔ Keep the milk pitcher low and close to the cup to maintain the smooth texture.
✔ As the cup fills, raise the pitcher slightly to create a thin, velvety layer of microfoam on top.
✔ Tip: A well-made flat white should have a silky surface with a thin, even layer of microfoam.
Step 4: Serve and Enjoy
✔ A traditional flat white is served without added sweeteners, allowing the natural flavors of the espresso to shine.
✔ Enjoy immediately while the coffee and milk are at their freshest.
Flat White Variations to Try
✔ Iced Flat White – Use cold milk and pour over ice instead of steaming the milk.
✔ Oat Milk Flat White – A great dairy-free alternative with a naturally creamy texture.
✔ Honey Flat White – Add ½ teaspoon of honey to the espresso before pouring the milk.
✔ Mocha Flat White – Mix 1 teaspoon of cocoa powder into the espresso for a chocolatey twist.
✔ Cinnamon Flat White – Sprinkle cinnamon powder on top for extra warmth and spice.
Tips for the Best Flat White
✔ Use fresh, high-quality coffee beans for the best espresso flavor.
✔ Perfect the microfoam texture—it should be silky, not airy or bubbly.
✔ Heat the milk to the right temperature—too hot will ruin the taste.
✔ Use the right cup size—a small 5-6 oz cup preserves the balance between espresso and milk.
✔ Pour with control—slow, steady pouring creates the ideal flat white texture.
Final Thoughts
The flat white is a refined and balanced coffee drink that showcases the perfect harmony between strong espresso and smooth, velvety milk. By using high-quality coffee, properly steaming milk, and mastering the pouring technique, you can recreate this café favorite at home.
Whether you enjoy it hot or iced, with dairy or plant-based milk, the flat white is a must-try for anyone who loves rich, creamy coffee with a bold espresso kick. Try making one today and elevate your home coffee experience!